Tungsten applications

Tungsten is widely used, the most common is tungsten&moly tungsten weights carbide 

(WC) carbide. Such carbide used in metalworking , mining , 

oil and construction industry as durable metal . In addition, 

in the tungsten filament bulbs and tubes applications are 

very wide. Tungsten is also used as an electrode . You can 

pull into a very fine tungsten wire , and a very high melting 

point . Its other applications include :

Due to a very high melting point of tungsten wire , so 

commonly used in the aerospace and high-temperature 

environments , such as electronics, heating and welding (EG 

gas tungsten arc welding ) .

Tungsten is very hard, very close , and therefore ideal 

for the production of heavy metal alloy , this alloy is used 

in the armor, heat sinks and high- density applications such 

as ballast, balance weights , boats and aircraft, ballast and 

so on .

Because tungsten is very close , darts often contain 80-

97% of tungsten.

High-speed steel with tungsten sheet , sometimes containing 18 

% tungsten .

Turbine manufacturing tablets, durable and protective 

layer portion containing tungsten superalloy ( Hastelloy , 

Stellite , etc. ) .

Using tungsten bullets instead of lead.

Tungsten compound is used as catalyst, inorganic colors. 

Tungsten disulfide is a high-temperature lubricant , it 

remained stable at 500 ° C.

Since a similar rise and tungsten borosilicate glass , so 

people carried it with glass / metal seal

Tungsten and nickel, iron and cobalt alloys are used to 

make heavy alloys , such as heavy alloys used in kinetic 

energy to replace depleted uranium bombs .

Tungsten in an integrated circuit is connected between 

the road thing . Silica insulator erosion contact hole 

injection tungsten polished to connect transistor. Typical 

contact holes as small as 65 nm.

Tungsten is one of the hardest material , was used in the 

machine tools and abrasives . Tungsten carbide is abrasive 

and turn with the most common material , and often the best 

materials .

Tungsten is in radiology shielding material . 

Transportation fluorodeoxyglucose general use tungsten 

container because fluorodeoxyglucose in high energy fluorine

-18 lead containers so can not be used .

Chemical properties of tungsten

Refractory metal tungsten&moly tungsten wire is a rare , high-temperature

hardness of the steel can be improved , the sixth period of

the periodic table are ( second long cycle) Ⅵ B family.

tungsten weights is a silvery-white metal that looks like steel.

Tungsten high melting point, low vapor pressure , evaporation

rate is also small . Tungsten is chemically stable at room

temperature when not react with air and water when not

heated, any concentration of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric

acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and aqua regia tungsten tube

are ineffective when the temperature was raised to 80 ° -100

when ° C, these various acids , except hydrofluoric acid ,

the other weak acid on the role of tungsten occur . At room

temperature , can be quickly dissolved in a mixture of

tungsten acid, hydrofluoric acid and concentrated nitric acid

, it does not work in an alkaline solution. The presence of

air under the conditions of the tungsten oxide can be melted

into the base tungstate , in the presence of an oxidant

(NaNO3, NaNO2, KClO3, PbO2) exists , the generation of a more

violent reaction tungstate . High temperature with chlorine,

bromine , iodine , carbon, nitrogen , sulfur and other

compounds , but not together with the hydrogenation .

The strategic significance of tungsten

Strategic Metals: Tungsten is a strategic metal . As we all

know , rare is an important strategic national resource , and

is typical of the rare metal tungsten&moly tungsten rods has a very important

purpose. It is an important part of contemporary high-tech

new materials , a series of electro-optical materials,

special alloys, new functional materials and organometallic

compounds such as are required to use the unique properties

of tungsten sheet. Although the amount is small, but vital , lack

of it can not . Which is widely used in modern communication

technology, computer , aerospace development ,

pharmaceuticals, photographic materials, optoelectronic

materials, energy materials and catalyst materials. China has

taken measures to limit and restrict the export of mining led

to China and the United States, the EU disputes , we can see

that the strategic significance of rare metal tungsten tube is

unusual in terms of tungsten represented .

Copper and molybdenum production forecast

Chinese production is expected to maintain a moderate growth
"By 2013, global tungsten&moly tungsten alloy supply growth will accelerate China's copper production is expected to maintain a moderate growth trend." March 28, Beijing Antaike Information Development has

Limited analyst Yang Changhua forecast, benefiting from the sharp rebound in copper mining and smelting of copper production capacity expansion, global refined copper production is expected to reach 20.65 million tons, with

An increase of about 4.1%.
According to Yang Changhua analysis, global tungsten project into operation gradually peak last year, global copper production of about 20 items (excluding China), with production capacity of about 820,000

T; This year there are still about 20 copper project into production, with production capacity of around 1.22 million tons, including the Oyu Tolgoi copper mine in Mongolia 45 tons capacity.
"A lot production release, will drive copper concentrate production increased at a faster pace." Yang Changhua said, "this year's global copper concentrate production will reach 13.62 million tons, an increase of

Long 6%. "
For domestic copper market, Yang Changhua said that with Wunugetushan copper-copper molybdenum mine, copper and other large-scale projects Duobaoshan gradually reach capacity, as well as some small copper mine production

This year is expected to increase production capacity of 1.52 million tons of copper, an increase of 7.7%. Taking into account this year will be the peak year for the domestic copper smelting capacity release expected in refined copper

Production will reach 6.1 million tons.
National Bureau of Statistics recently released data show that the first two months of this year, China's total production of 975,000 tons of refined copper, an increase of 11.9%.
Antaike analytical data show that in 2013, global refined copper will still continue oversupply trend is expected oversupply of about 400,000 tons; China's refined copper

Imports may fall, but the excess supply will remain at around 70 million tons.
Related Links
According to the International Copper Study Group (ICSG) statistics, in 2012, global refined copper production was 16.5 million tons, up from 2011's 16.2 million tons.

Copper-molybdenum separation equipment

Separation of copper tungsten concentrates mixed jobs currently used as flotation machine flotation machine Achilles Gentile, and Wei Muke Denver flotation machine flotation machine, the most used are the first two, Granville  flotation machine used only in flat . The former two inflatable mechanical agitation, mechanical agitation of the latter. Trough the volume of flotation machine is not large, rougher and sweep

Chosen as 1.13 to 2.83 m 3, selected from 0.68 to 1.4 m 3. Ping Tuoli Wali new plant for the first two ofmolybdenium rougher and selection of Wei Muke 120 cases of flotation machine is

In addition, the tank volume of 8.5 m 3

Accelerate the oxidation of tungsten, seriously shorten the life of the product, resulting in product failure

Tungsten halogen lamp with a key piece for the electrodes, tungsten and key pieces connected by spot welding, glass bulb filled with hydrogen, platinum plate and a glass full sealing at high temperatures to form tungsten halogen lamps. Tightness after sealing a direct impact on the life of the lamp. The quality of the products examined the strange, often found in air bubbles in the glass sealing surface Swiss platinum pieces, about 20% of total production. Gas tube leak caused the emergence of satiety, while accelerating the oxidation of tungsten, severely  copper molybdenum  of the product, resulting in product failure. In order to find out the reason for the gas saturation and gas saturation of the proposed measures to prevent, paper, failure analysis methods applied spectroscopy, scanning  Tungsten copper alloy  and transmission electron microscopy and other means to conduct research on a seal platinum chip sealing in high temperature and glass. The results showed that when aluminum and glass at high temperature sealing, are key causes of the bubble sheet internal inclusions and gases, the paper also presents how to prevent bubbles.

Deep red photo selection method blanking die and die thermal insulation and electric heating to an aluminum plastic brittle transition temperature above

Pure eight key pieces often pass deep red 38mm diameter used in the manufacture of thin-walled tubes of 45mm length, blanking round billet diameter 13omm. To reduce cracking tendencies, aluminum and aluminum deep drawing process will be a key piece stamping tools plastic is heated to a brittle transition temperature. To reduce the impact and  Tungsten copper alloy  and delamination of the key blank blanking die was modified. Polishing the flat punch with a rounded "V"-shaped concave surface, the "V"-type concave. Aluminum blade to shear loads. Two deep red photo selection method blanking die and die thermal insulation and electric heating to an  sandblasted tungsten target  brittle transition temperature. With this tool on the flywheel screw press can be easily cleaned without generating cracks round billet and the blanking operation and less laborious. Pat sector found in a platinum sheet manufacturing, particularly during cold rolling, the occurrence of the event that the incorrect heat treatment of any form of recrystallized material will be suitable for deep drawing.